/ _ \ \_\(_)/_/ _//"\\_ more on JOHLEM.net / \ 0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0 Analyze .eml files for spam and phishing: ================================================================================ **1. Analyze Email Headers** * **Received Headers**: Check the "Received" headers to see the path the email took before reaching the recipient. Look for inconsistencies, unusual hops, or suspicious domains. Example: `Received: from [192.168.1.1] by mail.example.com with SMTP id 1234567890 for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2023 15:30:00 -0800 (PST)` * **SPF and DKIM**: Verify the sender's email address using SPF (Sender Policy Framework) and DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail). If the email fails these checks, it may be spam or phishing. Example: `SPF: pass` or `DKIM: fail` * **Message-ID**: Check the "Message-ID" header to see if it's a unique identifier or a generic one. Spam emails often use generic IDs. Example: `Message-ID: <1234567890@example.com>` or `Message-ID: ` * **Sender and Return-Path**: Verify the sender's email address and the return path. If they don't match or seem suspicious, it may be spam or phishing. Example: `From: user@example.com` and `Return-Path: ` **2. Inspect Email Content** * **Subject Line**: Check for common spam or phishing keywords, such as "urgent," "free," or "click here." Example: `Subject: Urgent: Update your account information` * **Body**: Look for grammatical errors, typos, or unusual formatting. Phishing emails often have poor grammar or formatting. Example: `Hello, pleaze clikc heer to updeit yor accont infromation.` * **Links**: Hover over links to see the actual URL. Check for URL shorteners, misspellings, or suspicious domains. Example: `Click ` * **Attachments**: Be cautious of attachments, especially from unknown senders. Check the file type and extension. Example: `File: invoice.pdf` **3. Verify SMTP IP** * **Virustotal**: Check the SMTP IP address in Virustotal to see if it's associated with spam or malware. Example: `IP: 192.168.1.1` * **AbuseIPDB**: Check the SMTP IP address in AbuseIPDB to see if it's a known spammer. Example: `IP: 192.168.1.1` * **X-Force**: Check the SMTP IP address in X-Force to see if it's a known spammer or phishing domain. Example: `IP: 192.168.1.1` * **Talos Intelligence**: Check the SMTP IP address in Talos Intelligence to see if it's a known spammer or phishing domain. Example: `IP: 192.168.1.1` **4. Investigate** * **Whois Lookup**: Perform a Whois lookup on the sender's domain to see if it's registered recently or has a history of abuse. Example: `Domain: example.com` * **Google Search**: Search for the sender's email address or domain to see if it's associated with spam or phishing. Example: `Search: user@example.com` * **Phishing Databases**: Check the email or domain in phishing databases, such as PhishTank or OpenPhish. Example: `PhishTank: example.com` **5. Analyze Attachments** * **VirusTotal**: Upload attachments to VirusTotal to check for malware. Example: `File: invoice.pdf` * **Sandbox**: Analyze attachments in a sandbox environment to see if they exhibit malicious behavior. Example: `File: invoice.pdf` **6. Monitor Email Activity** * **Email Headers**: Monitor email headers for unusual activity, such as multiple "Received" headers or unusual routing. Example: `Received: from [192.168.1.1] by mail.example.com with SMTP id 1234567890 for ; Thu, 20 Dec 2023 15:30:00 -0800 (PST)` * **Email Content**: Monitor email content for changes, such as different attachments or links. Example: `Subject: Urgent: Update your account information` * **Email Behavior**: Monitor email behavior, such as sudden changes in frequency or volume. Example: `From: user@example.com` **7. Use Email Analysis Tools** * **Phishing Analysis Tool**: Use a phishing analysis tool, such as PhishTank or OpenPhish, to analyze emails for phishing indicators. Example: `PhishTank: example.com` * **Email Header Analyzer**: Use an email header analyzer, such as MxToolbox, to analyze email headers for suspicious activity. Example: `MxToolbox: ` **8. Stay Up-to-Date** * **Security Updates**: Keep your email client and antivirus software up-to-date to protect against spam and phishing. * **Phishing Awareness**: Stay informed about the latest phishing techniques and trends to better detect and prevent spam and phishing emails.